Review on Haploid and Double haploid Maize (Zea mays) breeding technology

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a plant that grown for human and animal consumption, as well biofuel range of industrial applications throughout the world. By 2020, it predicted to outnumber wheat rice in terms demand. Farmers pick among two types maize varieties modern agriculture. Hybrids open-pollinated are mostly influenced by current environmental economic conditions availability seed preferred variety type. As result, minimizing time required inbred development critical supplying fulfill needs farmers. The use doubled haploid technology most effective way accomplish this. vivo technique widely regarded valuable tool improving breeding efficiency. In maize, induction has been quite successful several commercial programs currently extensively. Many factors such anther stage, donor plant, preparation were discovered influence vitro (Androgenesis) maize. Color indicators used distinguish typical fertilization kernels from those produced via induction. Because gamete production hindered plants, they sterile. chromosome duplication permit self-pollination genotype preservation. DH lines colchicine often chemical chromosomal doubling agent. DHs ideal material genetic improvement studies because their utility homozygous line creation, recurrent selection, mutation, enrichment, compatibility with other technologies.